Crown Position and Light Exposure Classification-An Alternative to Field-Assigned Crown Class

نویسنده

  • William A. Bechtold
چکیده

Crown class, an ordinal tree-level mensuration attribute used extensively by foresters, is di#icult to ass ign in thefield because def ini t ions of individual classes are confounded by ambiguous references to the position the tree in the canopy and amount of light received by its crown. When crown class is decomposed into its two elements-crown position and crown light exposure--field assignments are more repeatable, and crown class can be assigned by algorithm with the same degree of accuracy that it can be est imated in thef ie ld . Replacing tradi t ional crown class wi th the twoproposedal ternat ive variables y ie lds more speci f ic in format ion about each tree . Crown posi t ion and crown l ight exposure add in format ion potent ia l ly useful for modeling and other applicat ions. North. J . Appl . For. 20(4):154-160.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Light fluctuations, crown traits, and response delays for tree saplings in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest

Light fluctuations and crown traits were studied for saplings of four tree species in a Costa Rican rain forest. Light fluctuations (1988–1994) were assessed by annual light estimations above saplings, using a visual crown position index. Crown traits in 1994 and growth between 1994 and 1995 were measured. Crown position values varied between 1.5 and 2.5. Of the 70 saplings only four were found...

متن کامل

Analytical study of the effect of crown prince's position on weakening the rule of Abbasid caliphate (case study of the years 232 to 334 AH)

The crown prince position was one of the most influential institutions in the Abbasid caliphate system. In the second period of the Abbasids (232-334 AH), unlike the first period (132-232 AH) when the heirs to the throne were largely independent, the magnitude of influence of this institution on increasing the power of caliphate was lost. Findings of the present research, which uses a descripti...

متن کامل

Contrasting electroabsorbance behavior of two borderline class II/class III mixed-valence systems

Intervalence Stark effect spectroscopy of a symmetrically substituted and an asymmetrically substituted derivative of the Creutz– Taube ion, ðNH3Þ5Ru-pyrazine-RuðNH3Þ 5þ 5 , is reported. Like the formally mixed-valent parent ion, both appear to lie near the boundary between valence delocalization and valence localization. Remarkably, despite the close structural similarities of the two compound...

متن کامل

Management of permanent incisors with complicated crown fracture by MTA pulpotoy

Introduction: Complicated crown fractures involve enamel, dentin, and pulp and occur in 0.9 to l3% of all dental injuries. If left untreated, will always result in pulp necrosis but, if it handled correctly, prognosis of the pulp following a traumatic crown fracture can be favorable. Correspondence: Saeedeh Sadr, DMS, MS. ...

متن کامل

Irradiance and Developmental Stages of Crown Architecture Affect Shoot Production in Rhododendron reticulatum

Plasticity in crown architecture, contributing to leaf arrangement within crown, is an important feature for whole plant carbon assimilation and survival. In this study, I examined the plasticity in crown architecture to light condition and developmental stage by the changes in shoot production. Rhododendron reticulatum expands crown with orthotropic growth in monopodial branching in young stag...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2004